Technology - Management - and Society

Question: Discuss the evaluation of steps, Pros and cons of the Model and Critical evaluation of authors advice? Answer: Introduction To survive in a comparative market every company tries to innovate. Some of them do it in a reliable traditional long-term way for effectiveness. Increase in revenue can be achieved greatly by innovation process. Most commonly giant companies like Apple, Procter and Gamble use to appoint a big resource and project team for such innovation process. Small to medium size company does not have such resource to do innovation (Schiederig, Tietze and Herstatt, 2012). Minimum viable system allows overcoming that situation. A 90 days work also can innovate through Minimum viable Information System (MVIS). MVIS gives the opportunity to come up with new strategically focused and reliable innovation task. MVIS gives the opportunity to identify, review, develop and encourage working on the focused topic achieve the end point with a restricted investment and resource. That mean without any extra hiring. Evaluation of steps: Part 1; Day 1-30: Large innovation begins with developing particular insights that will open up the way for one to have a distinctive vantage point to build and resource work streams ahead of another competitor in the similar industry (Davenport, 2013). Higher insights and competencies can help to win the battle in business competition, only strength and will is not enough to win the competition. Various terms of innovation terms are there, but at the days end it only fits into two areas. Sustaining innovation, disruptive innovations, incremental innovation, breakthrough innovations, continual improvement programs, new growth initiatives, organic growth initiatives, white-space and blue ocean strategies are the most common terms of innovation (Oerlemans, Knoben and Pretorius, 2013). But in original practice business can be increased by two ways, one is an enhancement of existing offerings or by the improvement of operations done internally. Another way of innovation is that which cre ate new growth by attaining new markets or customer segments, often through fresh business policy. MVIS cover these two types of innovations, but the critical thing is the understanding between the involved members on these two types. Rough but honest number of profit and revenue can be calculated in two weeks by the size of the gap that is worked up as a serviceable estimate. When growth gap is much large, the creation of division between the gaps should be done and taking care of them as a single part and directing those into a different way for further growth. The larger the organizations growth gap, the additional from the managements core those innovation hard works will possibly need to be, and the extra amount time it will consume to understand substantial profits from them. To reach the long-term financial target, it is necessary to go for new growth innovation that will support the operations taken previously (Lundvall et al.2013). Part 2; day 20 50: Description of the concept is done here with three dimensions analytically, visually and by narration. This part is to come up with an elaborate process of the program from the small draft. Best practice in this part is to continuously summarize the key concepts of part one and external understanding and testing to be done by the concept and ideas of an allowance of process tool application. Unlike the elaborate process of innovation to achieve goals on short term and long term measurement, MVIS gives a simple way. Comprehensive research can take up to a year, but here only a maximum of three weeks research will give a fruitful solution towards the innovation effort by the executives. At least twelve customer meet can be done for unmet needs that can give the opportunity for new growth innovation and also do the investigation over the similar industry for new developments (Drucker, 2011). Taking a closer look at the organization for the growth efforts trending in will make the job done. After that a session with the leadership team for the purpose of findings about the market and keeping them engaged with the finding process till the identification of three opportunities like; no one is stating in good manner about the job that number of probable consumers need to do, opportunity by seizing the special capabilities of the organization that is not so much easily copied by other competitive organizations. Need for the job which can greatly intensify either by a change in the social landscape, economy or regulatory function or by a help of technology that will give the way to the customers to do the job in a comfortable manner. Innovation traps can be overcome through the combination of these three criteria. Part 3; Day 20 - 70: Short listing to be done to decide the intended innovation to the gate. Set up of a team not an army to go after a long hard work for the innovation and to identify the market as per the ideas, opportunities size as per the estimation, currently devoted resources and inventory (Johnston and Marshall, 2013). One who can assign people to go with the thought and develop a process as premeditated on step one and two. Zombie projects are known as those slowly shuffling but did not find any end point. Zombie projects divide the strategic focus as well as resources that can be utilized other ways. Selecting the appropriate innovation leader gives the push to innovation project while the capability and orientation towards the development team are connected with the development teams success. The situation will stay stable if the process is according to the forecasted manner. Possibly two ways are there by which an organization can go wrong. Firstly an organization can al low only a single innovation program that proposes low risk and secondly an organization goes for an allowance of too many programs with high risk. Innovation programs are made according to the resource availability of an organization. Otherwise an execution can move slowly if placement gets into a pipeline in a high number. The collection has been made to quantify a quality team to focus solely on the innovation excluding other no compatible elements (Zhu, Sarkis and Lai, 2012). Process checklist updated as per the available resources, market identification. Part 4; days: once the dedication is made to measure the innovation, every scenario gets changed. The best exercise in this part is to transfer the innovator to consultant and introduce a process leader that has conducted this gantlet before. The whole process will be supervised by the senior leader. As per the business forecast, oversight rules are developed to see and advise the process. Starting with a group formation of the senior leaders and giving the authority to start, stop or redirect projects with new growth innovation (Schiele, 2012). This group maintains some standard venture capital (VC) working procedure, like; VC partners sometimes oppose about investment chances. While an MVIS approach looks over the tough job of rewiring an organizations systems for performance. All innovation has to review to get the actual status of the project. First review of first innovation project has to be done, and the advancement of the innovation according to the required direction needs t o be evaluated. Total project development should maintain the previously forecasted goal, where frequent look after need to be done by the trained senior leader, who are appointed to oversee the whole process as per previously set up checklist for the development of the innovation process. Pros and cons of the Model: Advantages- MVIS actually focuses more on the innovative plans that decides to improve in offerings in the product. One of the advantages of this model is that it helps in improving in the overall internal operations that are related to customer segments. Further, the company is focusing on creation of new growth strategies that will aim at getting new product for the customers who are brand loyal towards the business enterprise. Another way that made this organization globally viable is the leadership team who aim at moving in broad perspective in geographic markets as well as maintaining a strict core values (Chen et al.2014). Leadership is all about leading the team in order to provide with resources as well as time. All leaders can manage the team in an effective manner but the managers, on the other hand, cannot manage the team to co ordinate in attainment of the organizational goals as well as objectives. Ablaza was advantageous as compared to others because they thought of taking one more challenge in presenting in Manilla water that can help in overcoming the difficulty part. From day 20 to 50, it was all about to discuss on the various strategic opportunity areas keeping in mind the innovation pattern of big shot companies like, PG, Apple etc (Hardash et al. 2014). This actually helps in looking forward with the long term as well as short term objectives of the particular business enterprise. This company particularly believes in a comprehensive research work done with the help of top Professional Executives because they are experienced in this specialized area. Specialist has the expertise to take strategic decisions keeping in mind about all the other employees present in an organization. Their decisions will be out of bias, as they are external employee to the organization so they will not know the employees personally. They can easily guide the employees about the pros or cons of any change that is applicable in an organization (Weng, 2014). Not every change is advantageous as well as time consuming and if proper co ordination is built among employees, then it is easy to achieve the individual as well as organizational goals. The various organizational energy was taken consideration to view at the competitive forces. Group discussion should be encouraged between the managers in order to discuss the key factors and findings so that there is no issue regarding the opportunity in the strategic areas (Ndubisi, Capel and Ndubisi, 2015). The main criteria are to come up with innovative ideas that will be helpful for the entire organization. The employees should think of future so that they come up with ideas to form a small and dedicated team whose focus will be on the creation of innovative practices. Every innovation system requires a specific person who is experienced in the fields in order to take strategic decisions. The team should be effective to that extent that each should be given equal amount of opportunity to come up with their own thought process (Intarakumnerd and Gerdsri, 2014). As soon as any project is established, all the employees should participate as far as possible for them. In other words , employees should not be of feeling that their ideas are too small that will not bring any difference in the organization. Rather, individuals should think any changes is good or bad for the organization, so it is wise to give a chance to everything possible to get an edge in the competition (Narula, 2014). A healthy environment are needed that will make the employees feel free to come up with new ideas and opinions that can help in bringing a change in the overall organizational pattern. Disadvantages: The disadvantages caused are the budgeting systems that do not encourage the innovative practices that prove to be a reason for negative impact on the entire organization. Borrowing is done based on venture capital because entrepreneur put emphasis on the growth strategy but still it is on the processing stage. Any innovation practices are time consuming but in order to compete with the market, the time is not provided to the maximum that leads to creation problems. The main emphasis should be done in order to understand the needs and requirements of the customers, but often there is biasness as well as the data is not accurate. This actually keeps the company unaware about the data of the business enterprise (Chen, 2014). In other words, if every employee are given chance to communicate in the decision making process, then there will be a sense of jealousy if their verdict is not taken. Not all the employees can be a good decision maker because they lack experience but as they work in the practical world, it may happen that some have the expertise in providing trustworthy information. Employee centered organization often lacks equality because all the feedbacks or opinions are not looked into from same point of view. There will be always a gap in the status as well as future organizational goals (Chesbrough and Brunswicker, 2014). Financial targets need to be achieved and that is not possible within a short span of period. Therefore, the disadvantage is that there is often a gap in the innovation for the purpose of new growth. It is difficult to manage with the time, resource as well as efforts that are required for the five-year goal plan. Managers in an organization fail to understand the requirements of the employees and to give them with the available resources so that they can perform well. In other words, special emphasis is given on the employees who are target achiever and rest is kept aside that brings down the morale of other employees at the same time (Chesbrough and Bogers, 2014). Proper training sessions are not provided to the employees and that is the reason why the employees are not aware of the rules and regulations of the desired organization. Innovation is a process that is not acceptable by everyone and sense of differentiation starts here resulting in high demand for change in culture (West and Bogers, 2014). Difficulty was found to critically investigate on the strategic opportunity issues that pose a threat to the company. Critical evaluation of authors advice: First Advice: According to the author, hardware, which is working in good condition in a very much formal system of innovation, must be considered first in the innovation process. Mainly the hardware is the resource, which is mainly required in the innovation process. There is a development team assigned to the innovation process and some trained individuals to oversee the project or the innovations way of development (Damanpour, 2014). The adherence of the innovation process is according to the process checklist. Before going to the last stage of the innovation model a compactness required in the resources to generate an outcome as per innovation forecast. Minimum viability is done by using the least resources in the innovation process, monitoring the main resources are the most important part. The words from the author are there that at least a single project person should go to bed with the thought of the innovation and wake up with some possible thinking to that innovation. Basic tools of the innovation process stay still, which are already done for another type of formal models (Hemlin et al. 2014). Source, destination, lock up time in case of innovation continuously monitored with the trained personnel and the already available gap filling measurements need to lines from the basics. Big companies can win the competition battle with the innovation but on a large scale of the option as the resources they have to go for the innovation in their organization. They could find the problem solving option during an innovation process easily as there is the huge scope. But in small or medium size company, the resource is limited, and the option for such business forecast is small. The common way of innovation could not be done, and the MVIS technique has to be implemented (Adner and Kapoor, 2015). So, in this case, to achieve the goal with the minimum resources they have to take the most common factors in concern. Second advice: It is better for a small or medium size organization to break up the tasks among small groups or individuals those having a limited resource or workforce (Slater, Mohr and Sengupta, 2014). Specialized personnel should get assigned to a particular process instead of the large group. Big companies usually go for a group of individuals for a bunch of tasks where from the authors advice it looks better to assign a single person to a small defined task to complete. The main architecture of the innovation process still stays for the overseeing of the whole project and an individuals personal performance (Kanter, 2015). It seems in actual practice also where a big company goes for a business development team; in MVIS a scout may be good to see the changes inside the focused market. In an MVIS system one cannot be hired or included in a team for the innovation process and the already available resources can be used, so took up a process in parts are easy to handle instead of t ook up the process in a bunch. Third advice: MVIS gives the prominent indication to the barriers to a greater extent as the tasks are divided into multiple parts instead of a bundle work and particular individuals get appointed for particular tasks in the project. Monitoring and evolution of responsibility can point out a particular obstruction towards the innovation process (Liu, Hodgkinson and Chuang, 2014). Budgeting, strategic planning, incentives are some of the areas where obstruction are mainly seen. Conclusion Minimum viable innovation system gives the opportunity for innovation mostly parallel with the traditional, simple innovation process of the giant companies. Giant companies have huge resources to carry out an innovation process and solve a problem faced during the innovation through introduction of extra resource in the process but small and medium size companies does not have the opportunity every time. MVIS gives the opportunity to conduct the innovation process with the help of small resource available to a company with a small timeline to get an absolute output. The four steps of MVIS elaborate the choice of assigning of individual to work and supervising process to get the right way for the innovation. MVIS also shows the difficulty of an innovation process and possible affecting areas. Reference List Adner, R., and Kapoor, R. (2015). Innovation ecosystems and the pace of substitution: Reà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ examining technology Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ curves.Strategic Management Journal. Chen, P. (2014, July). Enterprise Technology Innovation Capability Evaluation Based on Knowledge Management. InComputational Sciences and Optimization (CSO), 2014 Seventh International Joint Conference on(pp. 280-283). IEEE. Chen, Y., Tang, G., Jin, J., Xie, Q., and Li, J. (2014). CEOs Transformational Leadership and Product Innovation Performance: The Roles of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Technology Orientation.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(S1), 2-17. Chesbrough, H., and Bogers, M. (2014). Explicating open innovation: clarifying an emerging paradigm for understanding innovation.New Frontiers in Open Innovation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Forthcoming, 3-28. Chesbrough, H., and Brunswicker, S. (2014). A fad or a phenomenon?: The adoption of open innovation practices in large firms.Research-Technology Management,57(2), 16-25. Damanpour, F. (2014). Footnotes to research on management innovation.Organization Studies,35(9), 1265-1285. Davenport, T. H. (2013).Process innovation: reengineering work through information technology. Harvard Business Press. Drucker, P. F. (2011).Technology, management, and society. Harvard Business Press. Hardash, J., Decker, B., Graham, C., and Thompson, V. (2014, March). NASA Innovation Ecosystem: Host to a Government technology innovation network. InAerospace Conference, 2014 IEEE(pp. 1-10). IEEE. Hemlin, S., Allwood, C. M., Martin, B., and Mumford, M. D. (2014).Creativity and Leadership in Science, Technology, and Innovation. Routledge. Intarakumnerd, P., and Gerdsri, N. (2014). Implications of technology management and policy on the development of a sectoral innovation system: Lessons learned through the evolution of thai automotive sector.International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management,11(03), 1440009. Johnston, M. W., and Marshall, G. W. (2013).Sales Force Management: Leadership, Innovation, Technology. Routledge. Kanter, R. M. (2015). From spare change to real change: The social sector as beta site for business innovation.Havard Business Review. Liu, X., Hodgkinson, I. R., and Chuang, F. M. (2014). Foreign competition, domestic knowledge base and innovation activities: Evidence from Chinese high-tech industries.Research Policy,43(2), 414-422. Lundvall, B. _., Joseph, K. J., Chaminade, C., andVang, J. (Eds.). (2011).Handbook of innovation systems and developing countries: building domestic capabilities in a global setting. Edward Elgar Publishing. Narula, R. (2014).Globalization and technology: Interdependence, innovation systems and industrial policy. John Wiley Sons. Ndubisi, N. O., Capel, C. M., and Ndubisi, G. C. (2015). Innovation strategy and performance of international technology services ventures: the moderating effect of structural autonomy.Journal of Service Management,26(4). Oerlemans, L. A., Knoben, J., and Pretorius, M. W. (2013). Alliance portfolio diversity, radical and incremental innovation: The moderating role of technology management.Technovation,33(6), 234-246. Schiederig, T., Tietze, F., and Herstatt, C. (2012). Green innovation in technology and innovation managementan exploratory literature review.RD Management,42(2), 180-192. Schiele, H. (2012). Accessing supplier innovation by being their preferred customer.Research-Technology Management,55(1), 44-50. Slater, S. F., Mohr, J. J., and Sengupta, S. (2014). Radical product innovation capability: Literature review, synthesis, and illustrative research propositions.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(3), 552-566. Weng, C. S. (2014). Technology Management: The Perspective of Social Network.International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management,11(03), 1440011. West, J., and Bogers, M. (2014). Leveraging external sources of innovation: a review of research on open innovation.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(4), 814-831. Zhu, Q., Sarkis, J., and Lai, K. H. (2012). Green supply chain management innovation diffusion and its relationship to organizational improvement: An ecological modernization perspective.Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,29(1), 168-185.

Political Science Concepts

Security has always been a matter of concern in the country. It is commonly understood as a state of how someone/something is free from danger and anxiety.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Political Science Concepts specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Though USA had made a crucial step and was about to regain its strength in terms of defense, Ronald Reagan insisted that much was yet to be achieved for the sake of citizen’s safety. In the year 1985, there were several plane hijacks experienced in different countries such as Columbia, US, Malta and Italy. In political terms, it meant calamity to Reagan’s administration since it failed to maintain security consequently breaking promises. Even though it impacted negatively on the president and his administration, it also created an opportunity to improve security and win the citizen’s trust. The event was an opportunity for opposition leaders to crit icize the administration for perceived political gains. As part of Reagan’s introductory address, he mentioned the urge for minimizing expenses on state security. This could be achieved by holding tranquility talks with the Soviet Union. Negotiations carried out aimed at inclusive disarmament of nuclear weapons (Infoplease, 2009). Such an achievement will not only mean security achievements in USA but also to the world. As a matter of certainty from danger of nuclear attacks, Reagan confirmed his approval for research intended to create a security guard capable of destroying a missile before meeting its target. As added by Barrack Obama in his inaugural speech, he remained optimistic on an endless approach in the fight against nuclear weapon. This will make Americans live without threats of insecurity. He further declared combat on terrorists who carry their activities at the expense of people’s life. In light of an awful racist history, Americans were experiencing a t ransition illustrated by equal opportunities for everyone. This was noted in 2009 when Barrack Obama assumed the role of president. In political terms, it was an opportunity to test whether a black president would offer good leadership in curbing insecurity issues. As a way of surrendering arms, disarmament is the act of eradicating weapons. Reagan’s approach to disarmament was nonviolent and a less expensive one. This is evident in holding peace meetings with the Soviet Union aimed at not only minimizing nuclear weaponry but also completely eliminating them (Infoplease, 2009). According to Jimmy Carter, the world was full with armaments as evident in the emergence of lethal weapons among potential enemies.Advertising Looking for essay on political culture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He argued that the approach that would limit weaponry was to let intelligence and patient prevail when handling such a sensitive matt er. In 1977, a concurrence to reduce nuclear armaments was signed between US and Russia. This was an attainment by Jimmy Carter, a situation that gave him an edge over his political opponents. At the expense of his opponents, he won people’s confidence that was a boost to his presidency and government. Defense is the level of fortification put in place against danger. George Bush was exceptionally sensitive to defense matters; he affirmed a strong position that would uphold defense especially against attacks. He insisted on creating a defense with minimal limits. His approach meant more money will be injected on security so as to improve various defense aspects such as military, protection machineries and technology. USA experienced one of the most horrible radical attacks in 2001 that resulted in a different political thinking. It meant that Bush’s government had failed to preserve the country with opposition leaders using the opportunity to criticize and convince the public thus gaining their trust. Reference Infoplease, (2009), world events, Pearson education, Retrieved from: https://www.infoplease.com/year/1977 This essay on Political Science Concepts was written and submitted by user Kairi Carter to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tips For Writing an LBCC Sample Assessment Essay

Tips For Writing an LBCC Sample Assessment EssayLBCC samples are excellent tools that you can use to start to learn the LBCC curriculum. They are meant to give you a primer on the material and just how LBCC works, but more importantly, they are meant to give you a concrete idea of how it can improve your GPA.The first step in taking advantage of LBCC is to write an LBCC test. This can be taken anytime, anywhere. It is not mandatory to have a LBCC test right away, however; there are many opportunities for you to take one if you are motivated to do so.There are several other resources that you will find useful in learning about LBCC, but the test is the most basic and easiest method to get information out. You will also find that the test is most effective when you practice with it prior to sitting it. By taking it several times over a period of time, you will become more confident and be able to properly and thoroughly evaluate your understanding of LBCC.When taking a test, some peopl e will worry about their ability to answer certain questions or write a full essay. However, you should not feel this way. There are many exam-takers who cannot even sit for a whole LBCC exam, and those that do sit them typically do not put up much of a fight.When you take the LBCC tests, you need to understand that many of the questions on these tests are multiple choice questions, which you can usually only answer correctly if you have not answered the question in your mind. You will want to avoid answering anything on the test that is making sense to you, as the test taker will then give you a score that is purely based on the answers you choose. In other words, you are not judging your own answers by giving them, so when you get your scores back, only look at those items that the test taker said were correct.The best way to evaluate your test scores after you have taken your LBCC exam is to use a sample assessment essay. These are all types of papers that you can use to see how you might fare in real world situations. These are meant to give you the outline of the LBCC materials and to give you a good idea of how to analyze material for your final essay.In summary, LBCC is meant to increase your GPA. You can use the samples available to help you see what works best for you. Also, it is important to make sure that you review your final assignment thoroughly so that you are aware of what your final grades should be.

ACT English for Math and Science People

How to Ace SAT Writing/ACT English for Math and Science People SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you a math or science person who feels intimidated by SAT Writing or ACT English? Do you think that your natural abilities will prevent you from doing well on the Writing and English sections? This article should alleviate your concerns. I'll let you know how you can excel on Writing or English even if you're more skilled in math and science. Furthermore, I'll provide you with important tips and strategies that will enable your success. Why You Shouldn’t Worry If you're worried that you can't excel on the SAT Writing/ACT English section if you're not a published novelist with superlative reading comprehension and writing skills, let me ease your fears. With the right studying and ample practice, you can do well even if you're not a naturally gifted writer. Maybe you're worried that you won't be able able to understand the passages well enough. Not a problem. Even though the questions come from longer passages, most of the questions pertain to specific sentences or paragraphs. None of the questions require more than a superficial understanding of the passage. Perhaps you're concerned because you have a limited vocabulary, and you're not familiar with the big fancy words that have become associated with the SAT. Don't fret. Most of the vocabulary isn’t extremely complicated or abstruse (an old SAT world). The SAT has done away with very difficult vocabulary words. Do you feel like you struggle with grammar? Do you have no idea when to use a comma? Are you clueless about the difference between "there" and "their?" You can overcome these obstacles. The grammar questions are based on rules that can be learned fairly quickly. You don’t need to have a strong intuitive grasp of English and writing to correctly answer most of the grammar questions. Are you scared of the organization or transition questions that test your knowledge of writing style? The majority of the writing style questions can be correctly answered by using logic and employing basic strategies. 3 Awesome Strategies for Success I recommend using these strategies to do well on SAT Writing/ACT English as a math/science person. #1: Rely on Grammar Rules Instead of What Sounds Right For all grammar questions, try to identify the rule that's being tested. Keep in mind that some questions will test multiple rules. Keep in mind that some questions will test multiple rules. If there’s a grammar error, select the answer choice that corrects the error without creating any additional errors. Often, the SAT and ACT provide answer choices that sound right to many people, but they contain subtle grammar errors. By relying on your knowledge of grammar rules, you’re less likely to overlook errors and make careless mistakes. ACT Example Here's a question taken from an actual ACT. If you’re not familiar with the grammar rules for the ACT, this sentence may sound fine to you. You may not detect any obvious grammar error and select A. However, if you study ACT grammar rules, you’ll know that the shortest answer that doesn’t contain a grammatical error and conveys the same information as the original sentence will be the right answer. Also, you’ll know that the word â€Å"being† often indicates a wordiness error. The correct answer is C. SAT Example You'll see the importance of following grammar rules on this question from an official practice SAT. If you rely on what sounds right, you may miss the grammar errors in this sentence. Whenever you see a verb underlined, you need to ensure that the verb agrees with its subject and that the correct form of the verb is being used. Also, whenever a pronoun is underlined, you need to check to see that the pronoun has a clear antecedent and that the correct form of the pronoun is being used. In this sentence, the singular verb â€Å"was† corresponds with the plural subject â€Å"Harvey Houses,† and the singular pronoun â€Å"its† refers to the Harvey Houses, too. Both the verb and the pronoun should be plural. The correct answer is B. #2: Use A Systematic Approach for Reading the Passages Before taking the SAT/ACT, you should have a tested approach for reading SAT Writing/ACT English passages. There are multiple approaches you can take to reading the passages: sentence by sentence, paragraph by paragraph, answer as you go, or passage first. Read the article on how to approach ACT English passages or how to approach SAT Writing passages for more information explaining the various approaches and how to decide which one will work for you. Once you settle on the approach that works best for you, you’ll be able to maximize your efficiency and make the best use of your time. #3: Review Examples of Questions Related to Each Grammar Rule and Type of Writing Style Question The SAT and ACT use the same types of questions on each test. Reviewing each type of question will increase your familiarity and understanding of all of the different questions. You’ll be more comfortable with the content on the SAT/ACT. Create a study guide of questions from real ACTs/official practice SATs. Check out our articles in SAT Writing and ACT English to learn about all the different types of questions and for examples of each question type. Key Topics to Study If you’re not a reader or extremely proficient with English, you may struggle with questions that don’t conform to specific rules, like word choice and idiom questions. However, there are a number of topics you can study that are relatively straightforward and conform to rules that you should be able to understand. For a breakdown of the grammar rules you should know, check out my articles on the most important grammar rules for the SAT and ACT. Here are some of the most often tested topics that, even as a science/math person, you should be able to master with a little practice. I’ve linked to the related articles which thoroughly explain the rules you need to know and provide example questions. Punctuation SAT Writing and ACT English both emphasize punctuation rules. You need to know when and how to use commas, semicolons, colons, apostrophes, and dashes. While you may have no idea how to use punctuation right now, the punctuation rules tested on the SAT and ACT aren’t overly complex. Read our articles on punctuation, possessives, and commas. We break down all the rules and provide example questions. Transitions Transitions are more heavily emphasized on the SAT, but they're tested on both SAT Writing and ACT English. You need to know which transition word to use in a given sentence, and you need to be able to select the sentence that will most logically connect ideas in a passage. While transition questions can seem difficult to students who aren’t strong in English, there are some rules you can learn to simplify transition questions. Make sure to review our transition articles. Transition questions rely on logic, and I assume that’s a strength for all the math and science people. Wordiness and Redundancy As I mentioned previously, the basic wordiness rule is that a sentence should be grammatically correct and concise. The shortest grammatically correct sentence that conveys that same information as the original sentence will be the correct answer. On both the SAT and ACT, all else being equal, shorter is better. Review our wordiness and redundancy articles for example and practice questions. Verb Forms Verb tenses and forms are tested on both the SAT and ACT, but verb questions are more common on the ACT. If you know how different tenses are used and keep verb tenses consistent, you should be able to correctly answer the verb questions you encounter. Organization/Macro-Logic Both the SAT and the ACT test you on how to organize a passage. Macro-logic refers to knowing where sentences and paragraphs should go in a passage. You’ll be a asked where a sentence should be placed in a paragraph, and you’ll be asked where a paragraph should be placed in a passage. Basically, you need to remember that each sentence should logically connect to the sentence that follows, and each paragraph should logically transition to the next one. Owen Moore/Flickr Key Tips to Help You Correctly Answer SAT Writing/ACT English Questions Here are some important tips that will help you eliminate wrong answer choices and improve your score. Read the Whole Sentence This tip is extremely important for the SAT Writing and ACT English section. Most questions will ask you how to change the underlined portion of a sentence. Don’t just read the underlined portion. You need to read the entire sentence. For some questions, like transition questions and verb tense questions, you often need to read the surrounding sentences as well. If Two Answer Choices Are Functionally the Same, Both Are Wrong If two errors are functionally identical, both must be wrong. You may see this on redundancy, punctuation, or transition questions. Here’s a transition question from SAT Writing to illustrate this point. This is a transition question. You need to read both sentences to determine the relationship between them and select the correct transition to use. In looking at the answer choices, C and D are functionally identical. They can be used interchangeably; therefore, both answer choices must be wrong. Now, you only have to choose between A and B. Because the second sentence is illustrating the opinion expressed in the first sentence, the correct answer is A. â€Å"However† is used to indicate contrast. Don’t Fear No Change Some students think the NO CHANGE option can’t be right, but sometimes NO CHANGE will be the correct answer. In fact, on ACT English, NO CHANGE tends to be more common than expected if all the answer choices were distributed evenly. If a sentence doesn’t seem to contain an error, look at the differences between the answer choices to determine what concept is being tested. Then, look at the original sentence to ensure that there is no error pertaining to that concept or rule. Review: Key Takeaways To sum up the important points I've previously mentioned, here are the most essential things to remember on your quest to get a wonderful SAT Writing/ACT English score You Can Do It! This is the most important thing to remember. Even if you're a math/science person, you're capable of doing exceptionally well on the SAT Writing/ACT English section if you're diligent in your preparation. Grammar Can Be Your Friend There's no reason to think you have to be a professional grammarian to get a top score. While some of the grammar questions can be challenging, most of them apply to rules that can be learned fairly quickly with proper studying and practice. Targeted Practice Will Lead You to Your Target Score If you study and understand each type of question from real ACTS and the official practice SATs, you'll do well on test day. Again, make sure you're familiar with all the differenct concepts that are tested on SAT Writing/ACT English, and know the proper steps to take to correctly answer each type of question. Review our SAT Writing and ACT English articles for content instruction, example questions, and strategies. What's Next? If you're feeling very confident and want to strive for perfection, find out how to get perfect scores on ACT English and SAT Writing. Also, learn 8 crucial ACT English tips and 5 tips for SAT Writing. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online prep programs. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more or your ACT score by at leat 4 points. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

monologophobia - definition and examples

monologophobia - definition and examples Definition: A fear of using a word more than once in a single sentence or paragraph. The term monologophobia was coined by New York Times editor Theodore M. Bernstein in The Careful Writer, 1965.See Examples and Observations, below. Also see: What Is Monologophobia?Elegant VariationThe Fear of Repetition in Writing: Beware the Elongated Yellow FruitPeriphrasis (Rhetoric)RepetitionSynonyms and Variety of Expression, by Walter Alexander RaleighSynonymyThesaurus Examples and Observations: It took about a dozen men and women to heave the huge, orange produce item onto the forklift.When the driver lowered the massive pumpkin, the last of the 118 entered in yesterdays annual All New England Weigh-Off kicking off the Topsfield Fair, the traditional Halloween ornament broke the scale. . . .(Pumpkin Pounds Topsfield Scale: Oversized Produce Weighs in As Big Hit With Visitors to Fair. The Boston Globe, October 1, 2000) Bernstein on MonologophobiaA monologophobe (you wont find it in the dictionary) is a writer who would rather walk naked in front of Saks Fifth Avenue than be caught using the same word more than once in three lines. What he suffers from is synonymomania (you wont find that one, either), which is a compulsion to call a spade successively a garden implement and an earth-turning tool. . . .Now avoidance of monotony caused by jarring repetition of a conspicuous word or phrase is desirable. A little touch of monologophobia might have helped the framer of this sente nce: The Khrushchev defeats, General Hoxha said, took place at the international Communist meetings that took place in Bucharest in June, 1960, and in Moscow in November, 1960. . . .But mechanical substitution of synonyms may make a bad situation worse. Elegant variation is the term applied by Fowler to this practice. It is particularly objectionable if the synonym is the one that falls strangely on the ear or eye: calling a snowfall a descent, calling gold the yellow metal, calling charcoal the ancient black substance. Repetition of the word is better than these strained synonyms. Often a pronoun is a good remedy, and sometimes no word at all is required.(Theodore M. Bernstein, The Careful Writer: A Modern Guide to English Usage. Scribner, 1965) [M]onologophobia strikes in many places. In court reports there is a bewildering alternation of the names of people with their status as defendant or plaintiff. It is better to stick to names throughout.(Harold Evans, Essential English. Pimlico, 2000) Verdict and Ruling[An] accident of style that writers often get into with verdict and ruling is switching blithely back and forth between them, as if the words were interchangeable. In a story about a British libel case where the judge ruled against a Holocaust-denying historian, a reporter for the Chicago Tribune did this egregiously: International Jewish groups applauded the unsparing British court verdict against Irving. . . . The verdict shredded Irvings reputation. . . . Professor Dorothy Lipstadt of Emeroy University . . . hailed the ruling. . . . The ruling also was a victory for Penguin Books, her British publisher. . . . [Irving] said he had two words to describe the ruling. . . . Irving may appeal the verdict.In every instance in that story, verdict should have been ruling. But the reporter was no doubt suffering from a bad case of monologophobia, a fear of repeating the same word. . . .Instead of flip-flopping between the correct ruling and the incorrect verdict, the Chicago Tribune reporter should have assuaged his monologophobia by here and there tossing in the word decision, an unobjectionable substitute for ruling.(Charles Harrington Elster, The Accidents of Style: Good Advice on How Not to Write Badly. St. Martins Press, 2010) Also Known As: elegant variation, burly detective syndrome

Digital Journalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Digital Journalism - Essay Example The changing face of journalism and mass communication is the rise of web 2.0. This is the rise of a new form of technology that allows people to not only read information online, but they can also contribute to the subject of discussion. The main characteristic is that he pages are not static, such that one reads information and contributes her opinion on the topic of discussion. The user can also store information, and social bookmarking abilities. This is the example of facebook and other social networking sites that allow for users to share information and share ideas (Fuchs 2011). Web 2.0 has an audience. The audience comprises of those who read the information on the sites and contribute. The rise of blogging has given a different dimension to the practice of web 2.0. The sites have their own audience comprising of people who visit the sites and share information. Those who participate in the blogging sites and other commentary sites comprise the audience of the sites. This platform has an impact on mainstream media as bloggers and other users can gather information and share it on these platforms, making the role of main stream media greatly diminished. Additionally, the users of web 2.0 can use the platform to confirm or deny the information carried on mainstream media, making it essential for journalists to always confirm their work before sharing (Dahlberg & Siapera 2007). It thus, increases accountability. The web 2.0 media are also cheaper ways of advertising and can carry more advertising messages as opposed to mainstream media. This means that the business that is the main source of revenue for mainstream media is being diverted. The use of the web 2.0 platform can also allow users to post information that is targeted at a specific audience based on the target audience of the blog. This increases precision of the message and

Australian ICT Framework and Mobile Device Management Essay

Australian ICT Framework and Mobile Device Management - Essay Example The legal frameworks aid reliability in the procurement processes of service provision in all the different Australian governments, i.e. the federal, state and territorial governments. This also helps in underpinning enterprise architecture in the entire Australian government (Saha, 2009). The current ICT infrastructure in Australia requires improvement to help achieve the creation of a whole-of-government Australian Public Service (APS) ICT career structure, which entails training and development programs for information technology professionals. ICT improvement also helps in developing and maintaining an information technology whole-of-government strategic workforce plan. ICT policies and frameworks help in the effective management of government and private data, and the protection of the government data from unauthorized accesses and misuse (Hart & Diane, 2007). The need for ICT legal framework and policies is to regulate the different types of governments, and create an easier wa y to monitor them. Every Australian is entitled to freedom of information access as per the Freedom of Information Act 1982, which guides the legislative basis of the release of government information. However, some of the information needs privacy and confidentiality, and hence demands protection. This ensures that the unauthorized access of information is reduced, whereby the necessary precautions are applied to strictly allow for classified information access to authorized or accredited personnel only. The main principles of the Australian enterprise ICT framework and policies is the need to know, which is applied to all official information, and the need to protect government information. This ensures the proper information access platforms and protects the divulgement of information within the government or from a foreign government. There is the enhancement of legal proceedings through privileged information access to legal professionals in the justice and legal system of the government (Hart & Diane, 2007). The presence of information technology Acts and policies provides the necessary foundation and benchmarks for the Australian governments to facilitate the smooth functioning of the country’s ICT sector. There are whole-of-government ICT policy frameworks guided by the Financial Management and Accountability Act (FMA) of 1997. The ICT Customization and Bespoke Development policy outlines compliance requirements for FMA Act agencies, and strengthens government arrangements for ICT Customization and Bespoke development. The Australian government has the legal enterprise ICT framework for enhancing and ensuring e-security. There is the core Cyber Security Requirement Policy for ICT driven proposals that requires agencies to access and address cyber security risks, and ensure that all businesses prepared through ICT-based proposals comply with the Australian government’s Cyber Security policies. This is aimed at achieving core cyber security for the smooth running of agencies and the government at large, through a smooth and safe flow and storage of information (Saha, 2009). The ICT Strategic Workforce plan is a core policy that entails the current expertise and capabilities of the APS ICT workforce, and the agency capabilities required in the delivery of government priorities. It guides the shift of ICT short term objectives and factors into medium and long term goals. There is also the Opt-Out policy for the whole-of-government ICT arrangements that has changed the opt-in self approvement by agencies into the